Summary Draft #1

Summary (Part 1):

Tunnels in the past are used for purposes such as irrigation, drainage, and water transportation system as well as communication routes to ameliorate the underground habitats. Leonard by VINCI’s (2022) article “Innovation at the end of the tunnel” provides readers with information about the increasing demand for underground infrastructure driven by urbanization and population pressure. This underground infrastructure includes sanitation, logistics, and transportation functions. Modern tunnel-boring machines were introduced to meet these needs. As mentioned in another webpage, “Tunnel Boring Machine” (Trenchlesspedia, 2020), tunnel-boring machines are referred to as “mole(s)” and are designed to bore circular tunnels through all types of earth, from sandy soil to hard rocks. With an increase in usage, tunnel-boring technologies are thriving in today's construction sector. An excellent example of this technology being extensively utilized is the recently finished construction of the Thomson - East Coast Line (TEL) in Singapore (The Straits Times, 2019). Despite its high initial costs, tunnel-boring technology prevails over traditional tunnel-boring methodologies, given its superiority in building efficiency and safety while using it.


References

Trenchlesspedia. (2020, July 8). What is a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM)?. Retrieved January 24, 2023, from https://www.trenchlesspedia.com/definition/2572/tunnel-boring-machine-tbm

Wong, K. Y. (2019, November 23). Tunnelling for Thomson-East Coast Line completed on Schedule. The Straits Times. Retrieved January 24, 2023, from https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/transport/tunnelling-for-thomson-east-coast-line-completed-on-schedule 




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